Foot biomechanics refers to the way the bones, joints, ligaments, and muscles work together during movement. The feet form an important part of the lower body’s movement system because they interact directly with the ground. When walking, they must manage forces created by body weight while helping the body remain balanced. Normal foot biomechanics allow these forces to be distributed throughout the foot and lower leg. The arches also play an important role in supporting weight. Bones and ligaments provide stability, while the tissue along the bottom of the foot helps absorb stress as the toes extend during push-off.

Walking requires the foot and ankle to change position with each step. Pronation happens after the heel touches the ground. The foot rolls slightly inward and becomes more flexible, helping it absorb shock and adjust to the walking surface. Later, supination occurs as the foot rolls slightly outward. This makes the foot firmer and more stable so it can push off the ground. Together, pronation and supination help maintain balance, spread pressure across the foot, and support smooth movement.

A podiatrist can evaluate foot biomechanics when pain or changes in walking suggest that the feet are not functioning efficiently. Abnormal pronation or supination can influence other areas because movement of the feet is connected with the lower legs and knees. The effects may extend higher through the body as well. A biomechanical evaluation can examine foot position, joint movement, and walking patterns to better understand how forces travel through the lower body. Identifying unusual movement patterns can help guide appropriate podiatric treatment for related foot and ankle concerns. If foot pain or changes in your walking pattern are affecting comfortable movement, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist for a professional evaluation and appropriate treatment options.

If you have any concerns about your feet, contact one of our podiatrists from Arcadia Foot and Ankle. Our doctors can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Biomechanics in Podiatry

Podiatric biomechanics is a particular sector of specialty podiatry with licensed practitioners who are trained to diagnose and treat conditions affecting the foot, ankle and lower leg. Biomechanics deals with the forces that act against the body, causing an interference with the biological structures. It focuses on the movement of the ankle, the foot and the forces that interact with them.

A History of Biomechanics

• Biomechanics dates back to the BC era in Egypt where evidence of professional foot care has been recorded.
• In 1974, biomechanics gained a higher profile from the studies of Merton Root, who claimed that by changing or controlling the forces between the ankle and the foot, corrections or conditions could be implemented to gain strength and coordination in the area.

Modern technological improvements are based on past theories and therapeutic processes that provide a better understanding of podiatric concepts for biomechanics. Computers can provide accurate information about the forces and patterns of the feet and lower legs.

Understanding biomechanics of the feet can help improve and eliminate pain, stopping further stress to the foot.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our offices located in Scottsdale, North Scottsdale, Mesa, and Sun City, AZ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Swelling in the feet and ankles often develops when fluid builds up in the tissues. This type of swelling is known as edema and can affect one or both feet. The feet may look larger or puffier than usual, and the skin may appear shiny or stretched. Some people also experience discomfort, stiffness, or changes in skin color. In certain cases, pressing the swollen skin may temporarily leave a dent. Foot swelling can have many causes, so noticing when it begins and whether other symptoms are present can help determine whether medical attention is needed.

Several factors can contribute to swollen feet and ankles. Remaining in the same position for a long time can lead to swelling, as can pregnancy or certain medications. Varicose veins and thyroid problems may also contribute to edema. Other causes can be more serious. An injury may lead to swelling in the affected area, while an infection can cause additional symptoms. Problems involving the heart, kidneys, or liver can also cause fluid to collect in the feet and legs. A blood clot is another possible cause. Sudden, severe, or unexplained swelling should receive prompt medical attention.

A podiatrist can examine swollen feet and ankles and look for signs that may help identify the underlying problem. An evaluation may include checking the skin, areas of tenderness, and the extent of the swelling. Because edema can result from many different health concerns, a podiatrist may recommend additional medical evaluation when the swelling appears related to a condition outside the feet. Treatment depends on what is causing the fluid buildup rather than the swelling alone. Professional assessment is especially important when swelling is painful, appears suddenly, or occurs with redness and warmth. If persistent or unexplained swelling is affecting your feet or ankles, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist for an evaluation and appropriate treatment options.

Swollen feet can be a sign of an underlying condition. If you have any concerns, contact one of our podiatrists of Arcadia Foot and Ankle. Our doctors can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Swollen feet are a common ailment among pregnant women and people who stand or sit for extended periods. Aging may increase the possibility of swollen feet and patients who are obese often notice when their feet are swelling too. There may be medical reasons why swollen feet occur:

• Phlebitis - A condition that causes the veins to become inflamed and can also cause leg pain.
• Liver disease - This may lead to low blood levels of albumin which is a protein. This can cause fluid in the blood to pass into the tissues and several areas of the body can become swollen.
• Heart failure - When the heart doesn’t pump properly the blood that is normally pumped back to the heart can pool in the veins of the legs causing swollen feet.
• Kidney disease - One of the main functions of the kidneys is releasing excess fluid in the body. This type of condition can make it difficult for the kidneys to function properly, and as a result the feet may become swollen.
• Deep-vein thrombosis (DVT)- This is a serious condition where blood clots form in the veins of the legs. They can block the return of blood from the legs to the heart which may cause the feet to swell. It is important to be treated by a podiatrist if this condition is present.

Swollen feet can also be caused by bone and tendon conditions, including fractures, arthritis, and tendinitis. Additionally, there may be skin and toenail conditions and an infection may cause the feet to swell. Patients who take medicine to treat high blood pressure may be prone to getting swollen feet. 

Many patients elevate their feet to help relieve the swelling and this is generally a temporary remedy. When a podiatrist is consulted the reason behind the swelling can be uncovered and subsequently treated.

If you have any questions please contact our offices located in Scottsdale, North Scottsdale, Mesa, and Sun City, AZ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Aging feet can develop changes that affect comfort, balance, and the ability to stay active. The skin can become drier and harder, while the natural padding beneath the feet can change. Joints can become stiffer, and muscles that support the feet can lose strength. These changes can affect how an older person stands and walks. Foot problems in older adults include pain, changes in sensation, and foot deformities. Bunions and changes in the arches can also develop. Because foot problems can affect balance and mobility, proper elderly foot care is an important part of maintaining independence and physical activity.

Several health problems can make foot care especially important for older patients. Diabetes can affect sensation and healing, while circulation problems can reduce the blood supply reaching the feet. Arthritis can contribute to pain and stiffness. Age-related changes can also make the skin more vulnerable to calluses, cracks, and other damage. A podiatrist can examine the feet for changes that could affect comfort or mobility. An examination can include checking the skin, circulation, and sensation. The podiatrist can also evaluate joint movement and foot structure. Regular professional evaluations can help identify problems before they interfere greatly with walking or daily activities.

Podiatric care for aging feet focuses on maintaining comfort, function, and healthy movement. A podiatrist can provide professional nail and skin care when age or health problems make these tasks difficult. Treatment can also address corns, calluses, and painful foot deformities. A podiatrist can assess shoes and recommend properly fitted options that provide appropriate support. Custom orthotics can redistribute pressure and support areas of the feet that need additional help. Care can also address changes in balance or movement that increase the risk of falls. Treatment is based on each patient's health, symptoms, and foot-care needs. If you have symptoms of aging feet, it is suggested that you make an appointment with a podiatrist for diagnosis and treatment.

If you need your feet checked, contact one of our podiatrists of Arcadia Foot and Ankle. Our doctors will attend to all of your foot and ankle needs and provide you with quality treatment.

Geriatrics and Podiatry
When people age, some common issues that may occur are bone density loss, dry skin, poor circulation, and rough brittle nails. These issues may also affect your foot health if the necessary steps are not taken to alleviate the problems.

It is important to take care of your feet because feet that are injured or diseased can affect your overall health. Having painful feet hinders your ability to do daily activities or may decrease your willingness to do the things that you need to do.

Visiting Your Geriatrician
As we age, health problems become more likely, so it is essential to visit your doctor for check-ups to ensure that you are doing the best you can to take care of your health. It is recommended to check your feet frequently for any possible cuts, bruises, swelling, corns or any other irregularities. 

Taking Care of Elderly Feet
Cracked or dry feet can be treated by applying moisturizer often. It is also important not to wear old socks because the older the sock is, the higher the possibility there will be that there is bacteria there. Wear fresh socks and make sure they fit properly.

Proper foot health means that you can have a more active lifestyle and you will not be bogged down by pain. Foot health also leads to good circulation, which is paramount for overall health.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Scottsdale, North Scottsdale, Mesa, and Sun City, AZ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Sever’s disease causes heel pain in growing children, especially those who run or jump in sports. Despite its name, it is not an illness or disease. It is irritation and swelling at the growth plate in the heel bone. A growth plate is developing tissue where a child’s bone grows. During a growth spurt, the heel bone can grow faster than nearby muscles and tendons. The Achilles tendon then pulls tightly against the growth plate. Repeated activity can make the area sore. The problem usually develops between ages nine and 14, and does not cause lasting damage after the growth plate matures.

A child with Sever’s disease can feel pain or tenderness in one or both heels. The heel can also become swollen, red, or stiff after waking. Some children limp or walk on their toes to avoid pressure. A podiatrist asks about the child’s sports, growth, and symptoms. The podiatrist also examines the foot and gently presses the sides of the heel. X-rays do not show Sever’s disease, but the podiatrist can order them to rule out a fracture or another cause of pain.

Treatment aims to reduce strain on the growth plate and help the heel recover. A podiatrist can recommend changes to activities based on the child’s pain. This foot doctor can also check whether the child’s shoes fit correctly and provide enough cushioning and support. Heel cups or custom shoe inserts can reduce pressure and improve foot position. For severe pain, the podiatrist can prescribe a walking boot or a short cast to limit heel movement. Children should return to sports only when activity no longer causes pain. Sever’s disease usually clears as the heel finishes growing. If your active child complains of heel pain, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist who can accurately diagnose and offer relief tips for Sever’s disease.

Sever's disease often occurs in children and teens. If your child is experiencing foot or ankle pain, see one of our podiatrists from Arcadia Foot and Ankle. Our doctors can treat your child’s foot and ankle needs.

Sever’s Disease

Sever’s disease is also known as calcaneal apophysitis, which is a medical condition that causes heel pain I none or both feet. The disease is known to affect children between the ages of 8 and 14.

Sever’s disease occurs when part of the child’s heel known as the growth plate (calcaneal epiphysis) is attached to the Achilles tendon. This area can suffer injury when the muscles and tendons of the growing foot do not keep pace with bone growth. Therefore, the constant pain which one experiences at the back of the heel will make the child unable to put any weight on the heel. The child is then forced to walk on their toes.

Symptoms

Acute pain – Pain associated with Sever’s disease is usually felt in the heel when the child engages in physical activity such as walking, jumping and or running.

Highly active – Children who are very active are among the most susceptible in experiencing Sever’s disease, because of the stress and tension placed on their feet.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Scottsdale, North Scottsdale, Mesa, and Sun City, AZ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.